Filippo Giannini
Muammar Ghedaffi born citizen Italian (thanks to the law will quote below) in 1942 in Sirte, Misurata province, license plate MU.
I am going to write this article when you fight in Libya, so when the piece will be published so many things will change, but will be no different as I wrote.
Getting Started I wish to report a portion of the speech delivered by Francesco Saverio Nitti July 27, 1947 the Constituent Assembly: < I read too often in our newspapers, and read more reviews, which seem to me not only false, but also disabled, they do fall on 'the responsibility of Italy World War, saying it is due to fascism. I'm not convinced that we have followed the right path and not even true, when in the fight against fascism and say that we, as now, that war is a result of Fascism, and that fascism was only volumes Italian phenomenon. There have been far more profound causes. For harm to fascism, we did bad thing to the detriment of Italy. What easier for all those who hated fascism and for the few who had suffered persecution was to insult the fascist and that he did not apportion blame> 's been 63 years since Francesco Saverio Nitti said these words, and since then What has changed?
"crafty-worms: they are so called small invertebrate animals that have soft body. Their natural place, where proliferate, is in that strip of land bathed by the warm sea. "
Yes, the worms -crafty left believed that the atrocities (real or imagined, as we shall see) committed by the Italians in Libya, were the work of evil. The real truth is completely different, or at least greatly weakened.
readers will remember when the plane went down Ghedaffi do with arrogant flaunting a photo pasted on his lapels, photos depicting Omar al Mukhtar, a character who will meet later. And you remember also the reader heartfelt kiss that the current head of the Italian government, printed on the hand of Libyan Bedouin.
And now we do a little 'history.
invasion of Libya was prepared by Italy since since 1887 (Mussolini, the absolute evil had four years). Strong pressure for this company were mainly from the banks at the head of which was the Banco di Roma, which had invested considerable capital investment in Libya, relying on its transformation into a colony. But for the expedition are also socialists, trade unionists, revolutionaries and the Catholics. The decision of the war against Turkey, ruled that Libya was then taken by the Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti, in November 1911 and the 25th of that month was taken nut, and it was war. Violent demonstrations against that company were held mainly in Romagna, guided by guess who? By then not yet absolute evil. However, long live democracy, the declaration of war, as permitted by Article. 5 of the Statute, was sent without the consent of the (fascist things, right? Indeed fascist), who, on vacation from July, will reopen Feb. 22, 1912 only.
The Italian contingent, after fierce fighting, occupies the main coastal towns of Tripoli and Cyrenaica, but goes no further. The inside Libyan remain for at least two decades, in the hands of local gangs, often fighting each other.
But there is always a but, even if not yet in Shirt Black : an attack on turkish Sciara Sciat causes nearly 400 deaths among Italian sharpshooters. This will be followed by a fierce retaliation Italian (fascist ? But you think! There are still a dozen years before the absolute evil take power) that will also affect the civilian population of the oasis. The behavior of Italian arouse indignation in the international press and result in an intensification of Arab guerrilla resistance. It 'obvious that the worms -crafty, playing on the monopoly of information and ignorance of the people DID BELIEVE THAT REPRISALS WAS TO MAKE CLEAR FASCIST . E not to forget that after the First World War the reappropriation of Libya was initiated with an iron hand from a Liberal minister called Giovanni Amendola.
dittatorello's visit to Libya, Colonel Gaddafi, during which he demanded, and received an apology from the Italian authorities for the atrocities committed by 'fascist Italy (fascism, as we saw in the case Sciat of Sciara, was still only in the mind of Allah), and the worms -crafty were also kneeling before the bloody Bedouin. Toni wrote Liazza ( Historica, No. 17). < (...) all statesmen and presidents of the Republic, surrounded by throngs of journalists and scribblers, leccapiatti and lackeys. I am always ready to cross to their accusations, Country in the name of human rights, of universal brotherhood and feelings that make them seem respectful of the politically correct (...). The wicked orgy of nonsense written and spoken on the Fascist colonial policy dell'omogolazione fruit is thought to only imposed by the victors of World War II. Their (our politicians) character deficiencies will have to crouch at the foot of the potential owner. Pander winners and making the religion of their principles, often spitting on their own, are convinced that you have also won> .
Who wrote these notes is not a fanatic, and recognizes that an apology in this case were justified, but (here is another but ) which Gaddafi has led to an apology for the atrocities committed by his fellow citizens to the detriment of Italian? About the atrocities of which the victims were Italian soldiers who fell into the hands of the Turks and Libya during the conquest of Tripoli, are as reported by the Journal : < I have seen in a single mosque seventeen Italian crucifixes. They were nailed to the wall ... and died a slow fire to an officer's eyes were sewn. The corpses were so mutilated in unspeakable ... In the cemetery we saw five soldiers Chari buried up to his shoulders, heads emerged from the sand, their black blood> And the journalist Matin : < In the village of henna and Arabic in the cemetery had been operated on a real slaughterhouse ... They have cut their feet, pulled the hands: I have been crucified. A target has his mouth slashed from ear to ear> . And who apologized for these atrocities? The worms -crafty not have the attributes necessary for a fair measure of pride. The
never sufficiently regret Franz Maria D'Azar, already November 10th, 1987 wrote: < Every time the periodic flashes of light madness of anti-Italian furore with neurons. Gaddafi, with the ridiculous claims of compensation (...)> . What once were ridiculous claims, and now today have become the col. Gaddafi goes home with a check that the Italians will have to honor. This is the policy of 'Italy at born of the Resistance, without a slightest reason to be proud. And we
companies to Omar al Mukhtar. The film that glorified the rebel Libyan companies, The Lion of the Desert, which cost about fifty billion in 1980, I had occasion to see him in the early '90s in Australia, as I recall, not acid was especially against the Italians. The film was never screened in Italy.
Omar al Mukhtar was at the service of the monarch Senussi, King Idriss, just dethroned by Gaddafi in 1969.
Now you need to remember, whatever they may say the worms -crafty , pacification of Libya was one of many negative legacies left by the previous governments to fascism. As recalled by Franz Maria D'Azar, when Rodolfo Graziani, sent to Libya by the government groped for the peace, when confronted with Muktar, they asked the future Marshal of Italy: < Why have you come?> these said < We did not come, we're back> accompanying the response showing a Roman coin of Leptis Magna , so called the Rome of Africa by Diocletian. Also interesting is what I remember, always by Franz Maria D'Azar, reporting a case of Oliver Reed who played the part of the film Graziani, who had a profound esteem for the rebel Libyan < why> recalls Reed < Graziani has wrote in his memoirs that one of the saddest things in his life was to be forced by circumstances to order the hanging of Omar al Mukhtar> . On another occasion he said to Muktar Graziani: < Italy has the right to be here, as the English are in Egypt, the French in Tunisia and Algeria, the English in Morocco> . In this connection, Reed says: Nobody has actually < rights to another country, but the map of the world is full of invasions by the Arabs of the Moors in Spain and Sicily, the Spaniards in the Caribbean, the British in all over the globe. We are all in the same broth. History has dotted the map of the world of many flags, and the atrocities of war, by all, knows no bounds> .
Omar al Mukhtar was born in a village in eastern Marmarica around 1862, in an environment strongly influenced dalle regole del Corano. Omar al Mukhtar si fa notare sia per la sua attitudine negli studi coranici, sia per il suo temperamento volitivo, ma anche per la sua volontà nel combattere prima i turchi, poi gli invasori italiani. A 40 anni è nominato capo della Zawia (convento e centro d’azione) e tornato nella natia Marmarica ha la spiacevole sorpresa di vedere le tribù sottomesse al governo italiano. Da allora in poi, sempre nel nome di Dio Altissimo e Misecordioso , punisce con spietata durezza chiunque accetti di collaborare con le autorità italiane.
A causa della guerra 1915-1918 il territorio, specialmente quello interno, vide le truppe italiane ridursi notevolmente per essere trasferite in other areas, so that more and more bands were able to rule the roost in the territory by imposing tenth the population, desperately, especially against those who show any sympathy towards Italy. Omar Al Mukhtar was a prominent part in these actions and punitive intimidation, always preceded and followed by acts of unprecedented ferocity. Make a list of terror sown by the Lion of the Desert and other similar bands is simply impossible (1). The activities of Omar Al Mukhtar assumes connotations of absolute rule in the years 1929-1931, so the Italian government thought it necessary to pacify throughout Libya. Badoglio and Graziani, mandated, reputarono necessario sottrarre il territorio all’influenza dei capi locali. Graziani, sempre affascinato dal modello della romanità, si richiamò alla legge “parcere subiectis et debellare superbos” e la applicò sforzandosi a persuadere i nativi che se protetti dal tricolore italiano avrebbero ottenuto un avvenire tranquillo e di prosperità. Quindi giustizia e perdono per i sottomessi, severità implacabile per i ribelli.
Mohamed el Mohesci, giornalista filo-italiano, sostenne che la tensione alimentata da Omar al Mukhtar stava frenando il decollo economico e sociale della Cirenaica, nonostante < la profusione di milioni di lire italiane per la costruzione di porti, ferrovie, strade, acquedotti ed opere per la valorizzazione delle strutture agricole> .
Negli anni ’29, a seguito di una serie di contatti con alti ufficiali italiani, sembrava che un accordo sulla pacificazione fosse a portata di mano, ma a ottobre di quell’anno al Mukhtar ordinò l’attacco ad una pattuglia di zapié (carabinieri indigeni) comandati dal brigadiere Stefano Ramorino, accorsa per riparare la linea telefonica, appositamente sabotata in località Gars Benigden proprio per realizzare l’agguato. L’eccidio compromise qualsiasi ulteriore tentativo di accordi e ravvivò la guerriglia e la contro-guerriglia. Nei primi quattro mesi del 1931 il ritmo delle razzie and assumed the proportions of the traps are no longer tolerable. It was in this context that Graziani conceived and directed the largest and most complex operation Saharan never before accomplished. The final objective of the maneuver: the oasis of Kufra, in the deepest southern desert, conquered by the departments camels, after an exhausting journey through the desert.
Contrary to Western provides the code of honor, an Arab chief has the duty to avoid the death and capture. Omar Al Mukhtar, taking advantage of this right, did not accept the battle, but tired, discouraged, and abandoned by his faithful old, was captured in early September 1931 in the area of \u200b\u200bWadi el Kuf, a Sawari patrol. After the arrest, accusing him of being abandoned to his fate stoically added < If I have taken only by the will of Allah. Now do with me what you want> .
Graziani, in agreement with Badoglio and the Minister of the Colonies De Bono, convened the special military tribunal.
transcribe the essential parts of the hearing: "Nineteen-hundred year, the fifteenth day of September, in Benghazi in the office of the Prisons Regional Education (...). It gets to the heart of the case . The President asks
After hearing the Chairman asked the judge if he has more to say in mitigation, and obtained a negative answer, the Court went into closed session. After half an hour in the classroom where < falls between a religious silence, the President read out the sentence with which, considered responsible Omar al Mukhtar of the crimes being prosecuted, sentenced him to death. Having the interpreter translated the sentence to the judge, he says, < From God we came, we must return to God> .
The next day, at 9 am in sunny plain Soluk, the execution was consumed in a gloomy silence. The event is sad <> wrote Franz Maria D'Azaro < but who has tried to Omar Mukhtar is sure to have it condemned for not having given life to the rebellion, but have ordered, encouraged and allowed to commit atrocities against the Italians and against the same indigenous peoples (...). One thing is certain, dead Muktar - which was followed by the courageous liberation mass of former rebels - not a single shot was more exploded against the Italians ended up raiding and looting of charm and remote areas back to the serenity of the desert> .
And now to make some dispettuccio worms -crafty, pointing out some examples of how evil was inspired Littoria colonization.
Il Duce went to Libya in 12 to 21 March 1937, to usher in hospitals, roads, public buildings and farms. Instead of being got shot he was greeted by the natives with an irrepressible enthusiasm, especially as he was given the Sword of Islam, solid gold and inlaid with precious stones, highest symbol of gratitude. During his visit to various locations in the enthusiasm of the Libyan Italian settlers and local people was really exciting. Describe in these few pages, the works carried out by the fascist work, despite the Libyan dittatorello is impossible, but only for reasons of space.
Another initiative absolute evil, carefully silenced by the worms -crafty, unique initiative of its kind for the colonizing countries, was the measure by which thanks to RD Law December 3, 1934 XIII, N ° 2012 RD and April 8, 1937 XV No. 431, which is recognized in Article 4
space yet with a few examples, we recall the words of chief Mohammed Reda Senussi: < This government (Italian ed) was sent by God Almighty for the rebirth of this country, for his happiness and the happiness of his sons> .
And again. An influential teacher Libyan prof. Mohammed ben Messuad Fusceka, in his book, under the title The History of Libya , published in 1956, among other things wrote: < The fascist government, headed by its Chief Benito Mussolini, meanwhile, had taken power. His men they provided to thrive Libya. In order to execute the directives of the government, the Italians in 1934 appointed Marshal Italo Balbo, Governor General of Libya. During this period, Libya reached a higher standard of living of its history> .
And today (how sad), what are bared to the sky and raise the number of worms -crafty , the various Harlequin and Punch, who have nothing better than to investigate who has a sexual relation all’altro? Li vediamo genuflessi di fronte ad un Gheddafi autore di una delle più vergognose rapine che la storia ricordi, durante le quali parlò di cancro italiano. Quando cacciò, negli anni ’70 gli italiani dalla Libia, appropriandosi da perfetto razziatore di quattromila ettari di terreni, di 714 mila olivi, 245 mila piante di agrumi, 184 mila piante di mandorlo, un milione di tralci di uva, 4 mila ville, 765 appartamenti, 468 edifici, 727 tra veicoli industriali e trattori agricoli, 265 officine, 50 industrie, nazionalizzate le banche (un affare da quattordici miliardi in un colpo solo), un numero imprecisato di oggetti di valore confiscati nelle case degli italiani. A single satisfaction, if this was enough: < simply that the children of the revolution had not been able to replace our compatriots expelled: the workshops and factories had to close almost immediately, the crops of the farms had gone to the dogs, the villages settlers in ruins, the desert sand had begun to make progress on those that had been flourishing orchards and vineyards> (Franz Maria D'Azaria). Harlequin and Pulcinella and various repair and return to us by the robbery victim, the robber gave a compensation (we like to call it that?) Multi-billion euro.
we're on the topic, again I repeat quanto ha scritto Toni Liuzza nel periodico citato: < La riconquista della Cirenaica non fu più dura e spietata delle numerose campagne con cui altre potenze coloniali riconquistarono territori perduti. I francesi in Algeria e in Marocco, gli inglesi in Egitto, nel Sudan e in Sud Africa, gli spagnoli nei loro possedimenti marocchini. Le efferatezze sui soldati spagnoli fatti prigionieri dai guerriglieri appartenenti alle bande di Abd el Krim, spinsero numerosi membri delle Cortes a chiedere che l’esercito e l’aviazione usassero gas tossici di ogni tipo per reprimere la ribellione nel Rif marocchino. I britannici, del resto, nel 1919 avevano usato fumi di arsenico a Murmansk, nella penisola di Cola, contro truppe dell’Armata Rossa e gas of mustard gas and phosgene in the 20s to Pakistan and Afghanistan border tribes against> . And you readers, have you ever seen books and newspapers from France, Spain or Britain who autodenunciavano for the use of gas? The Italians, instead, accused himself of having used mustard gas in Ethiopia in the war, never use sufficiently proved, indeed, after numerous interviews conducted directly on the people who lived those events, all have categorically ruled out the use of gas.
Toni Liazza ends his essay with these words: < May God forgive the inept idiots who now control the fate of Italy's spineless and subjects them to bear. Both Italians eternal glory che combatterono in Africa, vi lavorarono e riuscirono a trasformare le sabbie del deserto in fertili aziende agricole> .
Dato che sono romano da almeno sette generazioni, e sento i valori della romanità, non dovrei essere un nostalgico ?
1) Per coloro che volessero approfondire l’argomento, si consiglia la lettura di un articolo a firma di Franz Maria D’Azaro, contenuto ne Il Secolo d’Italia del 10 e 13 novembre 1987.
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